最近在学习怎么将 Gecko 嵌入到自己的应用程序中,下载了一份比较早一点的源码在对照官方文档痛苦地推进——网上相关资料确实相当缺乏,难道大家都各种 webkit 去了?我的计划是先弄清怎么用,让程序跑起来,然后再根据官方文档结构说明去定制,削减掉不需要的部分,折腾这个移植就花了我不少时间,果断觉得应该跟大家分享之。废话不说,直接上过程。
下载xulrunner源码并编译。
我这里用的 1.9.2rc1 版本,对应 firefox 3.6.X。
源码下载地址:ftp://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/xulrunner/releases/1.9.2rc1/source/
编译环境 mozilla-build 下载地址:http://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/mozilla/libraries/win32/MozillaBuildSetup-1.3.exe
在解压的源码根目录内新建一个 .mozconfig
文件,我使用的内容是(其中有用的就是组建目标是 xulrunner,启动 tests 以生成示例程序):
mk_add_options MOZ_CO_PROJECT=xulrunner
mk_add_options MOZ_OBJDIR=@TOPSRCDIR@/obj-xulrunner
ac_add_options --enable-application=xulrunner
#Uncomment the following line if you don't want to build JavaXPCOM:
ac_add_options --disable-javaxpcom
ac_add_options --disable-optimize
ac_add_options --enable-debug
ac_add_options --disable-vista-sdk-requirements
ac_add_options --with-windows-version=600
ac_add_options --enable-tests
运行 mozilla-build 1.3 中的 start-msvc9.bat(因为我使用的是 Visual Studio 2008),切换到源码根目录下,运行 ./configure
,然后 make
。等待几个小时(我的是用了四个小时左右)就 OK 了。
注册GRE(Gecko运行时环境)。
在经过上面第一步的编译后,会在源码根目录下生成名为 dist 的文件夹。源码根/dist/bin/
目录下现在有 xulrunner.exe 等程序,在 cmd 下运行 xulrunner.exe --register-global
注册 GRE。这时候实际上就可以跑 源码根/embedding/tests/winEmbed/winEmbed.exe
程序了,但是我们的目的是在 VC 下自己的工程里嵌入 Gecko,所以需要尝试将这个示例工程 winEmbed 移植到 VC 中。
重点来了,将winEmbed移植到VC中。
(1)新建工程 MozillaDemo
,将 winEmbed 文件夹下的 resource.h、SMALL.ICO、WebBrowserChrome.cpp、WebBrowserChrome.h、WindowCreator.cpp、WindowCreator.h、winEmbed.cpp、winEmbed.h、winEmbed.ICO、winEmbed.rc 引入工程。编译之,你会发现 N 多错误……
(2)在 VC++ 目录中,include 里加入 源码根/dist/include
,Library 里加入 源码根/dist/lib
,bin 里加入 源码根/dist/bin
。
(3)修改一些编译选项。如在预编译选项里添加 XPCOM_GLUE,XP_WIN,_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS。将 Project->Propeties->Configuration Properties->C/C++->Language 下的 Treat wchar_t as Built-in Type 设为 No (/Zc:wchar_t-),在引入库里添加 xpcomglue.lib。总之让编译命令行看起来像下面这样(具体为何后面解释):
从项目属性的 C/C++ 里看到的编译命令行:
/O2 /Oi /GL /D "WIN32" /D "NDEBUG" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "XPCOM_GLUE" /D "XP_WIN" /D "_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS" /D "_MBCS" /FD /EHsc /MD /Gy /Zc:wchar_t- /Fo"Release\\" /Fd"Release\vc90.pdb" /W3 /nologo /c /Zi /TP /errorReport:prompt
从项目属性的 Linker 里看到的链接命令行:
/OUT:"E:\MZ_Test_Code\MozillaDemo\Release\MozillaDemo.exe" /INCREMENTAL:NO /NOLOGO /MANIFEST /MANIFESTFILE:"Release\MozillaDemo.exe.intermediate.manifest" /MANIFESTUAC:"level='asInvoker' uiAccess='false'" /DEBUG /PDB:"e:\MZ_Test_Code\MozillaDemo\Release\MozillaDemo.pdb" /OPT:REF /OPT:ICF /LTCG /DYNAMICBASE /NXCOMPAT /MACHINE:X86 /ERRORREPORT:PROMPT xpcomglue.lib kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib
(4)在 winEmbed.cpp 文件里添加一句
#pragma comment(lib, "D:/1.9.2rc1/xulrunner-1.9.2rc1.source/mozilla-1.9.2/profile/dirserviceprovider/standalone/profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib")
大功告成,编译成功 0 warning, 0 error。此时的程序也可以在别的机子上运行,但是需要将 xulrunner.exe 及其依赖文件拷到别的机子上并注册 GRE。
程序运行示意图:
在自己编译的 xulrunner 环境下跑会产生下面两类错误,先忽略之让程序跑起来。(用官方提供的 xulrunner-sdk 里的程序来注册 GRE 并运行程序无报错)
至于为什么要做(3)和(4),且听我慢慢道来。
-
为什么要添加预编译选项 XPCOM_GLUE
在原版的 winEmbed 目录下,有 makefile 文件,里面有DEFINES += -DXPCOM_GLUE这么一句。
-
为什么要添加预编译选项 XP_WIN
在 winEmbed/makefile 文件里,有 include $(DEPTH)/config/autoconf.mk 这么一句,而在这个 autoconf.mk 里可以看到一大串的预编译选项,我试了多番才得出这个非加不可的结论……(试!!!冏!)
-
为什么要添加引入库 xpcomglue.lib,为什么要有(4)步骤
在 winEmbed/makefile 文件里,有
LIBS = \ $(DEPTH)/profile/dirserviceprovider/standalone/$(LIB_PREFIX)profdirserviceprovidersa_s.$(LIB_SUFFIX) \ $(XPCOM_STANDALONE_GLUE_LDOPTS) \ $(NULL)
这么一段,很显然提示我们引入库 profdirserviceprovidersa_s,然后在 autoconf.mk 文件里可以看到 XPCOM_STANDALONE_GLUE_LDOPTS = $(LIBXUL_DIST)/lib/$(LIB_PREFIX)xpcomglue.$(LIB_SUFFIX) 这么一个定义,所以也需要引入库 xpcomglue。
-
为什么要将 Project->Propeties->Configuration Properties->C/C++->Language 下的 Treat wchar_t as Built-in Type 设为 No (/Zc:wchar_t-)
很简单,因为编译报错提示呗……
不执行这些操作将产生的错误:
不将 Project->Propeties->Configuration Properties->C/C++->Language 下的 Treat wchar_t as Built-in Type 设为 No (/Zc:wchar_t-) 将报错
WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: wchar_t const * __thiscall nsAString::BeginReading(void)const " (?BeginReading@nsAString@@QBEPB_WXZ)
拿掉预编译选项
XP_WIN
会产生错误1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: void __thiscall nsCOMPtr_base::assign_from_helper(class nsCOMPtr_helper const &,struct nsID const &)" (?assign_from_helper@nsCOMPtr_base@@QAEXABVnsCOMPtr_helper@@ABUnsID@@@Z) 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: void __thiscall nsCOMPtr_base::assign_from_qi(class nsQueryInterface,struct nsID const &)" (?assign_from_qi@nsCOMPtr_base@@QAEXVnsQueryInterface@@ABUnsID@@@Z) 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: void __thiscall nsCOMPtr_base::assign_with_AddRef(class nsISupports *)" (?assign_with_AddRef@nsCOMPtr_base@@QAEXPAVnsISupports@@@Z) 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: virtual unsigned int __thiscall nsCreateInstanceByContractID::operator()(struct nsID const &,void * *)const " (??RnsCreateInstanceByContractID@@UBEIABUnsID@@PAPAX@Z) 1>WindowCreator.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "unsigned int __cdecl NS_TableDrivenQI(void *,struct QITableEntry const *,struct nsID const &,void * *)" (?NS_TableDrivenQI@@YAIPAXPBUQITableEntry@@ABUnsID@@PAPAX@Z) 1>winEmbed.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: void __thiscall nsCOMPtr_base::assign_from_gs_contractid_with_error(class nsGetServiceByContractIDWithError const &,struct nsID const &)" (?assign_from_gs_contractid_with_error@nsCOMPtr_base@@QAEXABVnsGetServiceByContractIDWithError@@ABUnsID@@@Z) 1>winEmbed.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: void __thiscall nsCOMPtr_base::assign_from_gs_contractid(class nsGetServiceByContractID,struct nsID const &)" (?assign_from_gs_contractid@nsCOMPtr_base@@QAEXVnsGetServiceByContractID@@ABUnsID@@@Z) 1>winEmbed.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: virtual unsigned int __thiscall nsGetInterface::operator()(struct nsID const &,void * *)const " (??RnsGetInterface@@UBEIABUnsID@@PAPAX@Z)
拿掉预编译选项
XPCOM_GLUE
会产生错误1>.\winEmbed.cpp(48) : error C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'XRE_InitEmbedding' 1>.\winEmbed.cpp(48) : error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int 1>.\winEmbed.cpp(48) : error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int 1>.\winEmbed.cpp(48) : error C2365: 'XRE_InitEmbedding' : redefinition; previous definition was 'function' 1> D:\1.9.2rc1\xulrunner-1.9.2rc1.source\mozilla-1.9.2\dist\include\nsXULAppAPI.h(355) : see declaration of 'XRE_InitEmbedding' 1>.\winEmbed.cpp(49) : error C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'XRE_TermEmbedding' 1>.\winEmbed.cpp(49) : error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int 1>.\winEmbed.cpp(49) : error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int 1>.\winEmbed.cpp(49) : error C2365: 'XRE_TermEmbedding' : redefinition; previous definition was 'function' 1> D:\1.9.2rc1\xulrunner-1.9.2rc1.source\mozilla-1.9.2\dist\include\nsXULAppAPI.h(390) : see declaration of 'XRE_TermEmbedding' 1>.\winEmbed.cpp(191) : error C3861: 'XPCOMGlueStartup': identifier not found 1>.\winEmbed.cpp(209) : error C2659: '=' : function as left operand 1>.\winEmbed.cpp(209) : error C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'GetProcAddress' 1>.\winEmbed.cpp(210) : warning C4551: function call missing argument list 1>.\winEmbed.cpp(216) : error C2659: '=' : function as left operand 1>.\winEmbed.cpp(216) : error C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'GetProcAddress'
拿掉引入库
xpcomglue.lib
会产生错误1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_StringContainerFinish 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileDirServiceProvider.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_StringContainerFinish 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileLock.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_StringContainerFinish 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_CStringCopy 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: unsigned short const * __thiscall nsAString::BeginReading(void)const " (?BeginReading@nsAString@@QBEPBGXZ) 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileDirServiceProvider.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: unsigned short const * __thiscall nsAString::BeginReading(void)const " (?BeginReading@nsAString@@QBEPBGXZ) 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileLock.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: unsigned short const * __thiscall nsAString::BeginReading(void)const " (?BeginReading@nsAString@@QBEPBGXZ) 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_StringContainerInit 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileDirServiceProvider.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_StringContainerInit 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileLock.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_StringContainerInit 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_CStringSetDataRange 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_CStringToUTF16 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_CStringSetData 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: void __fastcall nsCOMPtr_base::assign_from_helper(class nsCOMPtr_helper const &,struct nsID const &)" (?assign_from_helper@nsCOMPtr_base@@QAIXABVnsCOMPtr_helper@@ABUnsID@@@Z) 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: void __fastcall nsCOMPtr_base::assign_from_qi(class nsQueryInterface,struct nsID const &)" (?assign_from_qi@nsCOMPtr_base@@QAIXVnsQueryInterface@@ABUnsID@@@Z) 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: void __fastcall nsCOMPtr_base::assign_with_AddRef(class nsISupports *)" (?assign_with_AddRef@nsCOMPtr_base@@QAIXPAVnsISupports@@@Z) 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall nsCOMPtr_base::~nsCOMPtr_base(void)" (??1nsCOMPtr_base@@QAE@XZ) 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_CStringContainerInit 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileDirServiceProvider.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_CStringContainerInit 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_CStringContainerFinish 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileDirServiceProvider.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_CStringContainerFinish 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: virtual unsigned int __fastcall nsCreateInstanceByContractID::operator()(struct nsID const &,void * *)const " (??RnsCreateInstanceByContractID@@UBIIABUnsID@@PAPAX@Z) 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_CStringGetData 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "protected: void __thiscall nsSupportsWeakReference::ClearWeakReferences(void)" (?ClearWeakReferences@nsSupportsWeakReference@@IAEXXZ) 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: virtual unsigned int __stdcall nsSupportsWeakReference::GetWeakReference(class nsIWeakReference * *)" (?GetWeakReference@nsSupportsWeakReference@@UAGIPAPAVnsIWeakReference@@@Z) 1>WebBrowserChrome.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "class nsIWeakReference * __cdecl NS_GetWeakReference(class nsISupports *,unsigned int *)" (?NS_GetWeakReference@@YAPAVnsIWeakReference@@PAVnsISupports@@PAI@Z) 1>WindowCreator.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "unsigned int __fastcall NS_TableDrivenQI(void *,struct QITableEntry const *,struct nsID const &,void * *)" (?NS_TableDrivenQI@@YIIPAXPBUQITableEntry@@ABUnsID@@PAPAX@Z) 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileDirServiceProvider.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "unsigned int __fastcall NS_TableDrivenQI(void *,struct QITableEntry const *,struct nsID const &,void * *)" (?NS_TableDrivenQI@@YIIPAXPBUQITableEntry@@ABUnsID@@PAPAX@Z) 1>winEmbed.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: char const * __thiscall nsACString::BeginReading(void)const " (?BeginReading@nsACString@@QBEPBDXZ) 1>winEmbed.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _GRE_GetGREPathWithProperties 1>winEmbed.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_NewNativeLocalFile 1>winEmbed.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: void __fastcall nsCOMPtr_base::assign_from_gs_contractid_with_error(class nsGetServiceByContractIDWithError const &,struct nsID const &)" (?assign_from_gs_contractid_with_error@nsCOMPtr_base@@QAIXABVnsGetServiceByContractIDWithError@@ABUnsID@@@Z) 1>winEmbed.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: void __fastcall nsCOMPtr_base::assign_from_gs_contractid(class nsGetServiceByContractID,struct nsID const &)" (?assign_from_gs_contractid@nsCOMPtr_base@@QAIXVnsGetServiceByContractID@@ABUnsID@@@Z) 1>winEmbed.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_CStringContainerInit2 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileDirServiceProvider.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_CStringContainerInit2 1>winEmbed.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _XPCOMGlueStartup 1>winEmbed.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: virtual unsigned int __fastcall nsGetInterface::operator()(struct nsID const &,void * *)const " (??RnsGetInterface@@UBIIABUnsID@@PAPAX@Z) 1>winEmbed.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_StringContainerInit2 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileDirServiceProvider.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_StringContainerInit2 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileLock.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_StringContainerInit2 1>winEmbed.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_UTF16ToCString 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileDirServiceProvider.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_DebugBreak 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileLock.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_DebugBreak 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileDirServiceProvider.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_LogAddRef 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileDirServiceProvider.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_LogRelease 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileDirServiceProvider.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_StringGetData 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileDirServiceProvider.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_LogCOMPtrRelease 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileLock.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_LogCOMPtrRelease 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileDirServiceProvider.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_LogCOMPtrAddRef 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileLock.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _NS_LogCOMPtrAddRef 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileDirServiceProvider.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: unsigned int __fastcall nsGetServiceByContractIDWithError::operator()(struct nsID const &,void * *)const " (??RnsGetServiceByContractIDWithError@@QBIIABUnsID@@PAPAX@Z) 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileDirServiceProvider.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: unsigned int __fastcall nsQueryInterface::operator()(struct nsID const &,void * *)const " (??RnsQueryInterface@@QBIIABUnsID@@PAPAX@Z) 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileLock.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: unsigned int __fastcall nsQueryInterface::operator()(struct nsID const &,void * *)const " (??RnsQueryInterface@@QBIIABUnsID@@PAPAX@Z) 1>profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib(nsProfileDirServiceProvider.obj) : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: unsigned int __fastcall nsGetServiceByContractID::operator()(struct nsID const &,void * *)const " (??RnsGetServiceByContractID@@QBIIABUnsID@@PAPAX@Z)
添加预编译选项 _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 用来消除警告
1>e:\mz_test_code\mozillademo\mozillademo\webbrowserchrome.cpp(375) : warning C4996: '_snprintf': This function or variable may be unsafe. Consider using _snprintf_s instead. To disable deprecation, use _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS. See online help for details. 1> d:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\stdio.h(358) : see declaration of '_snprintf' 1>WindowCreator.cpp 1>winEmbed.cpp 1>e:\mz_test_code\mozillademo\mozillademo\winembed.cpp(163) : warning C4996: 'strncpy': This function or variable may be unsafe. Consider using strncpy_s instead. To disable deprecation, use _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS. See online help for details. 1> d:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\string.h(157) : see declaration of 'strncpy' 1>e:\mz_test_code\mozillademo\mozillademo\winembed.cpp(198) : warning C4996: '_snprintf': This function or variable may be unsafe. Consider using _snprintf_s instead. To disable deprecation, use _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS. See online help for details. 1> d:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\stdio.h(358) : see declaration of '_snprintf' 1>e:\mz_test_code\mozillademo\mozillademo\winembed.cpp(1086) : warning C4996: 'strncpy': This function or variable may be unsafe. Consider using strncpy_s instead. To disable deprecation, use _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS. See online help for details. 1> d:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\string.h(157) : see declaration of 'strncpy'
winEmbed.cpp文件里添加#pragma comment(lib, “D:/1.9.2rc1/xulrunner-1.9.2rc1.source/mozilla-1.9.2/profile/dirserviceprovider/standalone/profdirserviceprovidersa_s.lib”)
否则将产生错误
1>winEmbed.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "unsigned int __cdecl NS_NewProfileDirServiceProvider(int,class nsProfileDirServiceProvider * *)" (?NS_NewProfileDirServiceProvider@@YAIHPAPAVnsProfileDirServiceProvider@@@Z) referenced in function "unsigned int __cdecl StartupProfile(void)" (<a href="mailto:?StartupProfile@@YAIXZ">?StartupProfile@@YAIXZ</a>)